UBUD : City of Tourism in Bali


Ubud
Ubud is one of tourism city in Indonesia, is located in the middle of Bali island. Ubud is known as Bali traditional arts and dancing. There are ancient sacred caves, Gajah Cave that has detailed engraving, also Kawi Mountain that is a place to worship carved out of a stone.
Ubud offers many yoga and healing places, also galleries. Ubud monkey forest temple is a Hindu's temple which has a type of monkey called Makaka. It plays around the trees. In the southern Ubud, there's a handycraft village, known as wood carvings. It is called Celuk.
There is also the beautiful Royal Palace in the center of town and all of the cultural attractions are set against valleys and terraces of jade-hue rice fields. Ubud is also the home of some of the finest dining in Bali and there are a wealth of healthy restaurants here serving up vegetarian and vegan fare, or you can head to some of the resorts in the area and enjoy some upscale dining.

Season :
  • Summer

In summer, it's the best time to have a vacation for many tourists in Ubud. Ubud is one of the best attractions for local or foreign tourists. Prices of this season usually go up during school holidays in Ubud.

  • Rainy

In this season, some tourists usually don't want to take a risk to have a vacation. Because they don't want to get wet. For many tourists want to take a vacation for a peace, Ubud is the best tour attraction even in the rainy season. Ubud looks even more amazing because of the country scene and its nature.
Not just the country scene, also a fertile rice field, it becomes the source of life for the creatures around it. Ubud becomes an impressive site as a place of peace of mind. Relaxing while enjoying a natural harmony of raindrops and the song of a frog.


Past Participle

What is a Past Participle?

What does past participle mean? A past participle is formed from a verb. Because it is used to express actions that have already happened, it takes the past tense form. Most past participles end in -ed.

when to use past participle English Past Participle Examples:
  • Verb: to play
  • Past participle: played
  • Sentence: She had played for hours. (used in past perfect tense)
  • Verb: to accelerate
  • Past Participle: accelerated
  • The speed at which the Zika virus is spreading in Puerto Rico has accelerated sharply, according to new federal data, complicating already difficult efforts to prevent thousands of pregnant women in the territory from infection. –The Wall Street Journal
  • Verb: to buy
  • Past participle: bought
  • Social media sites are hot these days. Snapchat. Instagram. Even if Verizon had bought Pokemon Go, the mobile augmented reality app that has been around only a couple weeks and yet has tens of millions of people chasing make-believe creatures down streets and through parks, there might be more tongues wagging among analysts. –The Washington Post

Past Participles as Adjectives

examples of past participle tense Past participles can be used to as adjectives. In this way, they modify nouns or noun phrases.
Even though they are acting like adjectives, past participles still look like verbs. Finding their placement in a sentence is key to understanding how they are being used in a sentence.
Example:
  • Verb: to ruin
  • Past participle: ruined
  • Past participle as adjective (modifying noun phrase): ruined my good mood
  • Sentence: The stormy weather ruined my good mood.
In this sentence, ruined serves as an adjective to modify the noun phrase my good mood.
Example:
  • Verb: to break (irregular verb)
  • Past participle: broken
  • Past participle as adjective: broken glass
  • Sentence: We were careful to avoid the broken glass.
In this sentence, broken serves as an adjective to modify the noun glass.

Past Participles in Participle Phrases

past participle sentences Past participles can also be used to create past participle phrases which act as adjectives.
Even though they are acting like adjectives, past participles still look like verbs. Finding their placement in a sentence is key to understanding how they are being used in a sentence.
In a participle phrase, the participle usually is the first word.
Example:
  • Verb: to brush
  • Past participle: brushed
  • Past participle as participle phrase: brushed with a comb
  • Sentence: Brushed with a comb, the dog’s fur felt smooth.
In this sentence, brushed with a comb serves as an adjective in a participle phrase to modify the dog’s fur.
Example:
  • Verb: to wrack
  • Past participle: wracked
  • Past participle as participle phrase: wracked with doubt
  • Sentence: The child had a mind wracked with doubt.
In this sentence, wracked with doubt serves as an adjective in a participle phrase to modify the child’s mind.

Forming the Past Participle: How to Form Past Participle Verbs

what is past participle tense The past participle of most regular verbs is formed by adding “-ed” to the end of the base (infinitive) form of the verb.
  • talk > talked
  • chew > chewed
  • reach > reached
The past participle of some verbs ending in a short vowel sound require doubling the last consonant before adding “-ed”
  • brag > bragged
  • skip > skipped
  • stop > stopped
The past participle of verbs that end with an “e” required only adding a “d” to the end of the word.
  • wave > waved
  • judge > judged
  • reserve > reserved
The past participle of verbs ending in “y” where the “y” replaces a vowel sound require the “y” to be dropped and “-ing” to be added.
  • study > studied
  • imply > implied
  • deny > denied
past particible The past participle of irregular verbs do not follow a specific pattern. Here are a few common examples.
  • run > ran
  • sing > sang
  • bring > brought

Past Participles in Other Tenses

In addition to being used as an adjectives, past participles are used to form the perfect tenses in English. Here is how they appear in the various tense.
The Four Past Tenses:
  • Simple Past Tense > I spoke
  • Past Progressive Tense > I was speaking
  • Past Perfect Tense > I had spoken.
  • Past Perfect Progressive Tense > I had been speaking.
The Four Present Tenses:
The Four Future Tenses:
  • Simple Future Tense: I will speak
  • Future Progressive Tense: I will be speaking
  • Future Perfect Tense: I will have spoken
  • Future Perfect Progressive Tense: I will have been speaking.

Error Analysis

1. The food is served in this restaurant is terrible. (Incorrect)
Analisa:
is served harusnya served saja karena berfungsi sebagai adjective. Sedangkan Subject nya adalah The food dan Verb nya adalah IS. Kalimat yang benar adalah The food served in this restaurant is terrible.

2. The car stoped on the deserted runway. (Correct)
Analisa:
Subject is The car and Verb is stoped, Deserted adalah adjective

3. The unexpected famous people arrived just at dinnertime. (Correct) 
Analisa:
unexpected adalah adjective.
Subject nya adalah famous people dan Verb nya arrived.

4. The books are listed in the first shelf are finished in order. (Incorrect)
Analisa:
are finished seharusnya hanya finished dan berfungsi sebagai adjective bukan part of a verb.
Subject nya adalah The booksdan verbnya are finished .

5. The teacher found the lost exam. (Correct)
Analisa:
lost adalah adjective.
Subject nya adalah teacher sedangkan verbnya adalah found.

6. The small apartment very crowded and disorganized. (Incorrect)
Analisa:
Kalimat diatas tidak mempunyai verb of be, is.
Kalimat yang benar adalah The small apartment is very crowded and disorganized.

7. The photographs developed yesterday showed Sam and his friends. (Correct)
Analisa:
developed berfungsi sebagai adjective.
Subject nya adalah photographs dan verb nya adalah showed.

8. The locked drawer contained the unworn jewels. (Correct)
Analisa:
locked dan unworn berfungsi sebagai adjective.
Subject nya adalah drawer dan verbya adalah contained

9. The tree was blown over in the storm was cut into logs. (Incorrect)
Analisa:
was blown seharusnya adalah blown saja dan berfungsi sebagai adjective bukannya part of a verb.
Kalimat yang benar seharusnya adalah The tree blown over in the storm was cut into logs.

10. The students registered in this course are listed on that sheet of paper. (Correct)
Analisa:
registered berfungsi sebagai adjective.
Subject nya adalah students dan verbnya adalah are listed.


Multiple Choices Exercise


1. Having finished their exam, ...
A. the books must be returned to the library
B. the library requires the books to be returned
C. The library requires students to return the books
D. the library requires the books to be returned
E. students must return the books to the library
Jawab : E
Pembahasan soal : Bentuknya Having + V3 berarti aktif (setelah menyelesaikan ujian mereka), sehingga subject kalimatnya adalah pelakunya (the students).


2. "Who was released from prison in Beijing?"
"Wei Jingsheng .... political opponent."
A. is a leading
B. to be a leader
C. who is a leader
D. he leads
E. a leading
Jawab : E
Pembahasan soal : Yang diperlukan adalah keterangan dari subject (Wei Jingsheng), maka dipakai Participle aktif (V ing).

3. 'Whose car is that?"
"You mean the one ... in front of the bookstore."
A. parking
B. it parks
C. to be parked
D. parked
E. to park
Jawab : D
Pembahasan soal : Untuk menerangkan "the one" dibutuhkan Participle (V ing / V3) karena diikuti preposisi (in) maka Participle nya pasif (V3).

4. Trying to smuggle drugs into the country, the criminals were caught by the customs officials at the airport.
The underlined words mean: .... to smuggle drugs into the country.
A. when the criminals were trying
B. although the customs officials have tried
C. before the smuggle tried
D. because the customs officials were trying
E. until the criminals were trying
Jawab : A
Pembahasan soal : Participle mempunyai subject yang sama (criminal) dan berarti dua peristiwa
bersamaan (when, while).

5. Not allowed to use any kind of transportation, .....
A. walking to far away places is common practice for Badui Dalam People
B. Badui Dalam People walk long distance when they travel
C. people may wonder how Badui Dalam People can walk such long distances
D. traveling to faraway places is usually done by walking
E. It is common for Badui Dalam people to walk long distances
Jawab : B
Pembahasan soal : "Not allowed to use ..." tidak diperbolehkan menggunakan ..., Jadi subject yang cocok adalah orang yang dilarang menggunakan alat transportasi (Badui Dalam People).

Source : https://writingexplained.org/grammar-dictionary/past-participle

Google Books

Appositive

APPOSITIVE PHRASES

An appositive renames a noun or a pronoun. It usually follows the noun and idenifies, explains, or adds to the meaning of the noun. An appositive phrase consists of the appositive and its modifiers
An appositive or an appositive phrase can appear next to a noun in any position in the sentence.

Appositive with subject : Dr. Rockwell, my detist, has office hours on weekends.
Appositive with object of prepotition : I left the package with Mr. Foxworth, the doorman.
Appositive with direct object : I was playing Hearts, a card game.
Appositive with indirect object : I gave Shelly, my girlfriend, a single rose.
Appositive with subject complement : He is our leader, the man in charge.
Appositive with object complement : We called her Sammy, a family nickname.

Example

A. Multiple choice

Q 1.  My brother, Erik, has planned to go Mauritius next month.

a) Erik
b) My brother
c) My brother Erik
d) None of the above

Answer - A
Pembahasan : Ciri appositive adalah bila diawal diberi koma di akhir dan jika di tengah kalimat diberi koma di awal dan akhirnya. maka Appositive nya adalah A. Erik

Q 2. The bird, a parrot, was imitating my words.

a) The bird
b) A parrot
c) The bird a parrot
d) None of the above

Answer - B
Pembahasan : Ciri appositive adalah bila diawal diberi koma di akhir dan jika di tengah kalimat diberi koma di awal dan akhirnya. maka Appositive nya adalah B. A parrot

Q 3. I really like my uncle’s dog, Ginger.

a) I really like
b) My uncle’s dog
c) Ginger
d) All of the above

Answer - C
Pembahasan : Ciri appositive adalah bila diawal diberi koma di akhir dan jika di tengah kalimat diberi koma di awal dan akhirnya dan jika diakhir kalimat maka akan diawali koma dan diakhiri titik. maka Appositive nya adalah C. Ginger

Q 4. Mr. Samuel, the English professor at my college, carries an umbrella every day.

a) Mr. Samuel
b) The English professor at my college
c) An umbrella
d) Every day

Answer - B
Pembahasan : Ciri appositive adalah bila diawal diberi koma di akhir dan jika di tengah kalimat diberi koma di awal dan akhirnya dan jika diakhir kalimat maka akan diawali koma dan diakhiri titik. maka Appositive nya adalah B. The English professor at my college

Q 5. Jenny’s dog, Oscar,  is a Labrador.

a) Jenny’s dog
b) Oscar
c) Labrador
d) All of the above

Answer - B
Pembahasan : Ciri appositive adalah bila diawal diberi koma di akhir dan jika di tengah kalimat diberi koma di awal dan akhirnya dan jika diakhir kalimat maka akan diawali koma dan diakhiri titik. maka Appositive nya adalah B. Ginger

B. Error Analysis

I was born in Jakarta, December 29th. 
Pembahasan : pada kalimat di atas tidak terdapat appositive maka dari itu kalimat di atas bukan kalimat appositive.

Mr. Scott, the grocer, is here. 
Pembahasan : Mr Scott adalah kalimat subjek setelah kalimat subjek terdapat kalimat the grocer yang diapit oleh dua koma,kalimat the grocer adalah kalimat appositive yang menerangkan lebih detail mengenai subjek, maka kalimat di atas adalah kalimat apositif yang benar.

Tom, old fellow, I am glad to see you. 
Pembahasan : Tom adalah kalimat subjek sedangkan old fellow artinya pengikut lama di mana kalimat tersebut adalah appositive yang menerangkan lebih jelas mengenai subjek. Penulisan apositif yang berada di tengah kalimat juga sudah benar yakni diapit oleh koma di awal dan di akhir kalimat. Maka kalimat diatas adalah kalimat appositive yang benar.

The discoverer of the Pacific was Balboa, a Spaniard.
Pembahasan : pada kalimat diatas subjeknya adalah balboa, sedangkan kalimat appositivenya adalah a spaniard. Penulisan appositive di akhir kalimat diawali oleh tanda koma dan diakhiri titik. Maka kalimat diatas adalah kalimat appositive yang benar


For dinner I had soup, fish, chicken, dessert, and coffee. 
Pembahasan : kalimat di atas tidak memiliki subjek dan tidak memiliki kalimat appositive, maka dari itu kalimat diatas bukan kalimat appositive.

The car smashed into the wall, flipped onto its roof, slid along the road, and finally stopped against a tree. 
Pembahasan : kalimat diatas memiliki subjek the car tetapi tidak ada kalimat appositive, maka kalimat diatas bukan kalimat appositive.

Jason, a former USA Military, lived through the Second World War.
Pembahasan : kalimat Jason adalah subjek setelah Jason ada kalimat a former USA military yang artinya adalah mantan militer USA di mana kalimat tersebut adalah kalimat appositive. Maka kalimat diatas adalah kalimat appositive yang benar

China, one of the most powerful nations on Earth, has a huge population.
Pembahasan : subjek di atas adalah Cina, dan positifnya adalah one of the most powerful nations on earth yang artinya adalah salah satu negara terkuat di bumi. Kata-kata positifnya benar diapit oleh dua koma dan berada setelah subjek, maka kalimat diatas adalah kalimat appositive yang benar.

Yes, I will stay a little longer, thank you.
Pembahasan : pada kalimat diatas terdapat subjek i yang artinya saya, tetapi pada kalimat di atas tidak ada ada kalimat appositivenya. Maka kalimat diatas bukan kalimat appositive.

I like your son, I might even love him, but he is not a very good soccer player.
Pembahasan : pada kalimat di atas tidak terdapat kalimat appositive, maka kalimat diatas bukan kalimat appositive.

References

Goldstein, B., Waugh, J., & Linsky, K. (2012). Grammar to Go: How It Works and How To Use It. Cengage Learning.
Kittredge, G. L. (2018). Advanced English Grammar with Exercises. KY: BoD – Books on Demand.
Kleiser, G. (n.d.). Exploring English Grammar. Louisville, KY: APH Publishing.